Which field of study focuses on how soils affect living things, especially plants?

The focus of edaphology is on the relationship between soil and living organisms, particularly how soil properties affect the growth and development of plants. This branch of soil science examines various factors, including soil composition, structure, and water retention, and their implications for plant health and productivity. Edaphologists study the interaction between soils and biological systems to understand how different soil types can support or inhibit plant growth.

While soil science encompasses the broader study of soils, including their physical, chemical, and biological properties, edaphology specifically narrows in on the biological aspect, particularly plants. The other disciplines listed, such as hydrology and botany, play roles in understanding water movement or plant life, respectively, but do not emphasize the specific interactions between soils and living organisms to the extent that edaphology does. Thus, edaphology serves as the more precise field of study regarding how soils impact living things, especially plants.