What term describes the property of a material that allows water to move through it under normal hydrostatic pressure?

The term that describes the property of a material that allows water to move through it under normal hydrostatic pressure is "pervious." Pervious materials have interconnected pores or voids that enable water to flow through them, facilitating drainage and groundwater recharge. This characteristic is essential in applications such as stormwater management, where effective infiltration and movement of water through soils and substrates are necessary to mitigate flooding and manage water resources sustainably.

In contrast, impervious materials do not allow water to pass through, which can lead to runoff and drainage issues. Porous materials, while they may have spaces that could hold water, do not inherently guarantee that water will flow through them under pressure; they merely describe the presence of voids. Saturated, on the other hand, refers to a condition where a material is completely filled with water, which does not directly address the movement of water through the material under pressure. Thus, "pervious" accurately captures the ability of a material to facilitate water movement effectively.