What term describes the process used to determine the location of elevations from known reference points?

Interpolation is the process used to estimate unknown values by using known values from reference points. In the context of determining elevations, interpolation involves taking the elevations from established control points and calculating values for intermediate locations that fall between these points. This technique is crucial in surveying and mapping as it allows for a more accurate representation of the terrain.

The other terms mentioned do not accurately capture the specific nature of this process. Elevation referencing typically describes the broader context of using reference points but is not a process itself. Topographic mapping is a method of creating maps that detail the terrain's characteristics, including elevation, but does not specifically refer to the process of estimating elevations between known points. Elevation mapping likewise focuses on the visualization of elevation data rather than the methodological process of deriving unknown elevations. Therefore, interpolation stands out as the correct term describing the process in question.