What is the purpose of a constructed wetland?

The purpose of a constructed wetland predominantly focuses on the treatment of both point and non-point sources of water pollution. Constructed wetlands are engineered systems designed to mimic the natural processes of wetland ecosystems. They utilize wetland vegetation, soil, and microbial communities to improve water quality by removing contaminants through processes such as sedimentation, filtration, and biological uptake.

In the context of water treatment, constructed wetlands can effectively decrease levels of pollutants like nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), pathogens, and heavy metals. This capability to process and treat water makes them a valuable resource in managing stormwater runoff, wastewater, and agricultural runoff, significantly contributing to environmental sustainability and protecting water bodies from pollution.

While creating wildlife habitat, enhancing recreational areas, and supporting agricultural practices are indeed benefits that can be associated with constructed wetlands, the primary function is centered on their ability to treat water pollution. This makes the answer related to treatment quite distinct and crucial within the context of their intended design and usage.