What is the function of a catch basin in drainage systems?

A catch basin serves a critical role in drainage systems primarily by collecting surface water runoff and allowing sediment to settle out of the water. The structure typically consists of a basin that captures excess water and any debris or particles carried by the water, effectively acting as a filter to prevent larger substances from entering downstream drainage systems. This helps in maintaining water quality and managing stormwater runoff by reducing the risk of flooding in urban areas and enhancing the performance of subsequent drainage components.

The function of a catch basin contrasts with other activities associated with embankments, soil compaction, or slope stabilization. Constructing embankments is focused on creating barriers or raised areas for various land use and alignment purposes. Compaction methods are employed primarily to increase soil density and load-bearing capacity, essential for support structures or foundations. Stabilizing slopes involves preventing soil erosion and landslides through various techniques, which are unrelated to the primary function of collecting and managing stormwater runoff. Therefore, the choice indicating that a catch basin collects sediment and diverts surface water accurately captures its essential function within a drainage system.