What is fine or finish grading primarily concerned with?

Fine or finish grading is primarily concerned with preparing earth surfaces to achieve the desired final elevation and surface smoothness required for subsequent construction or landscaping operations. This process involves making small adjustments to the contours of the land to ensure proper drainage, aesthetics, and the readiness for installations such as paving or planting.

In contrast, heavy cuts and fills refer to more significant earthmoving operations typically associated with rough grading, where large volumes of soil are removed or added to create the general shape of the land. Landscaping involves planting and placing vegetation or ornamental features on the graded surface, while plumbing installation pertains to the placement of piping systems beneath or within the ground, which is not a focus of grading practices. Therefore, the primary concern in fine grading is ensuring that the earth surfaces are adequately prepared for the next steps in site development.