What does moisture content refer to in soil science?

Moisture content in soil science specifically refers to the percentage of water contained within the soil relative to its dry weight. This measurement is crucial because it influences various soil properties, such as its structure, compaction, and ability to support plant life. Understanding moisture content is essential for predicting how soil will behave under different conditions, including drainage, erosion, and agricultural practices. High moisture content can lead to reduced aeration and compacted soil, while low moisture content can impede plant growth due to insufficient water availability. Consequently, knowing the moisture content helps engineers, agronomists, and soil scientists predict how soils will respond to loads and manage water resources effectively.